Ubukhulu bokuklama kanye nesethenjwa sohlelo lokusebenza ngokucindezela okucindezelwe kokukhokhwa ngezinkomo ezahlukahlukene zokucindezela okugcwele okuhambelana nokukhonkotha

Ingcindezi Riser iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuklama i-Riser ekukhiqizeni ukusakaza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-feeder enqenqemeni inezinzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, ukususwa okulula, kanye nomphumela omuhle we-shrinkage. Kulezi zinsuku, amathoyizi amaningi futhi amaningi asebenzisa ama-Edge acindezela izimpikiswano ezinkonzweni ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana nezinsimbi zensimbi nezengezonakalisi. Ubukhulu bezinkambo buye bunwetshiwe. Ekuqaleni okusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezincane, manje amakhilogremu angamakhulu amaningana, amathani amaningana, futhi ngisho nezinkulumo ezinkulu nazo zisebenzisa ama-risers acindezela. Kodwa-ke, ekukhiqizeni kwangempela kwe-wappry, abasebenza ngokutholwa abakajwazi izici ezithile zomngcele wokuphonsa umphetho, iziphi izinhlobo zokuphonsa ezihambisana nobukhulu obucindezelayo, kanye nomklamo wokucindezela usayizi we-riser. Ngezansi, sizogxila kulezi zinkinga.

Eyodwa umgomo wokuklanywa kosayizi we-odge feder kufaka phakathi ubude obubanzi (W) nobude obunqenqemeni (l), kanye nemibandela elandelayo kudingeka icatshangwe ngesikhathi sokuklama:

1. Isiteshi se-shrinkage asisolise kusengaphambili: Ububanzi obunqenqemeni kufanele bube buncane ngokwanele ukubambezela isikhathi sokuqina kwentamo yokuvutha, kepha okuncane kakhulu kuzokwandisa ukumelana nokuqina.

2

I-3. Ifomula enamandla yokucindezela emaphethelweni yi-W = (0.4-0.6) I-XT, lapho t ubukhulu bokuhlanganiswa okushisayo kokuphonsa kanye nobude obucindezelayo l = (1.5-2.0) QAPHELA: Okwe-Cast Iron Castings, ukunwetshwa kwegrafu kufanele kubhekwe, futhi ububanzi bokucindezela onqenqemeni bungathathwa njengo-0.4-0.5

II Ungaqondanisa Kanjani Isimo Sokukhokhiswa Okunama-Shapes Ahlukahlukene E-Edge feeders

1. Isikhulisi esiyindilinga

Izici: Isakhiwo esihlangene Ukuhlukaniswa kokushisa okufanayo: Ijamo le-geometric eliyindilinga livumela ukungqubuzana kokushisa okufanayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqina kwesikhulisi, esinganweba isikhathi sokugcina sensimbi esenziwe nge-riser futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kwesinxephezelo. Kulula ukucubungula: kungaba ngenkohliso yokwenza imodeli noma ukucubungula ukucubungula, ukwakheka kwemigwaqo eyindilinga ecindezelayo okulula ukucubungula futhi kuhlanzekile, futhi indawo yayo ebushelelezi isiza ukunciphisa ukugxilisa ingqondo. Ilungele amasondo amasondo afana namagiya, ama-pulleys, njll. Lezi zindleko zivame ukuba nezinhlaka zobukhulu obuhlukahlukene njengama-wheel wheels kanye nama-spokes. Ama-Rinal Cirgeing Risers angafakwa ezindaweni eziphakeme njengamasondo ezifana nama-wheel hub ngokuya ngezimpawu zawo zokwakheka zokugcwalisa okusebenzayo okusebenzayo, ukuvikela iziphambeko ezinjengezimbobo ze-shrinkage. Ama-disc castings: njengama-flake, ama-brake disc, njll. I-Cylinder block kanye ne-cylinder head castrings: Lezi zinhlobo zokukhokhiswa zinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinezindawo eziningi zokushintshana kwezindonga ezibukhali nezincanyana. Ama-feeters anqenqemeni ama-Eader angafakwa kalula ezindaweni ezibingelwe ngodonga, ezifana ne-cylinder barrel kanye nokuxhunywa kwesiteshi samanzi, ngokuxhuma okuqondile kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuncipha kwezimali.

2. Isikwele / unxande onqenqemeni feeder

Kulula ukuhlela: ukwakheka kwesikwele noma okungunxande kungalingana kangcono nemiphetho noma izindawo ezithile zokuphonsa, ikakhulukazi ezilungele izingxenye zokuphonsa noma imiphetho eqondile, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela kahle endaweni enomkhawulo yokuthola i-shrinkage efanele. Isiteshi se-Shrinkage esithuthukisiwe Kwamanye ama-casted adinga ukushwabana kusuka endaweni ethile ngesikhathi sokuqina, izikwele ezicindezelayo noma ezicindezelayo ezicindezelayo zingahlangabezana kangcono nezidingo. Inenzuzo yokuhlushwa ukushisa: Izakhiwo zesikwele noma ezixande njalo zivamile, futhi phakathi nenqubo yokuqina kokukhokhiswa, okusiza ukwandisa isikhathi sokuqina kwensimbi ebilisiwe futhi kuthuthukise umphumela we-shrinkage. Ilungele izinkambo ezifuywayo ezinjengethuluzi lomshini lomshini, amathuluzi wokulinganisa wefulethi, njll. Lezi zinqwaba zivame ukuba nobukhulu obukhulu. Ama-Risers acindezele ama-Square noma amangale angahlelwa eceleni kwemiphetho noma ukushintshwa kokuqina kwepuleti eliphansi ukuhlinzeka ngokuqothuka okufanayo kokusakazwa nokuvimbela izinkinga ezifana namamaki we-shrinkage. I-Box Type Castings: Njengamacala okudlulisela, amacala enjini, njll. Izinhlaka zohlobo lwefreyimu: ezinjengezinhlaka zensimbi ze-node ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa, izinhlaka zezinhlaka ezinhlanganweni ezisebenza ngemishini, njll., Izinhlaka zakhe zixhunywe kakhulu ngamalungu esikwele noma amanxeba. Ama-Risers acindezele ama-Square noma ama-Ructangular angasethwa kalula kuma-node noma emihlanganweni yamalungu ukuze angeze futhi athuthukise ikhwalithi ephelele yokukhokhiswa ezindaweni ezithambekele ekunciphiseni.

3. I-elliptical onqenqemeni lokucindezela i-riser

Ukuqina kwesimo esiqinile: ukwakheka okubonakalayo kunezimpawu ezithile zokwamabili amajamo ajikelezayo nesikwele. Azikho njengeqoqo ezinkomba ezithile njengemibuthano, futhi azinawo amaphethelo asobala namakhona njengezigcawu. Bangazivumelanisa kangcono nokukhokhwa kwezimo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi labo abanezinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi abanezincwadi ezigobile ezinamasondo. Ukusebenziseka kahle kwesiteshi se-shrinkage: Ukuqondiswa kwe-axis okude kwe-ellipse kungathambekela ngokuya ngokuqiniswa kwe-Shritation Shrinsage ukuqondiswa kokuphonswa, ukuvumelanisa i-shrinkale Ukusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi okufanayo Ilungele ama-Impeller Castings: Abangenzi bavame ukuba nobukhulu obunzima obugobile, futhi ama-elliptical onqenqemeni wokucindezela ama-risers angahle ahlelwe ngokuxhumeka phakathi kwama-blades kanye nokwakheka okuhle ngokuqina kwe-impeller kanye nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yayo yangaphakathi. I-Valve Body Castings: Ukwakheka komzimba we-valve kuvame ukungahambi kahle, okunamachweba ahlukahlukene kanye nama-outlet ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlaka zangaphakathi ze-cavity yangaphakathi. I-elliptical Edge ocindezelwe i-riser ingahle ihlelwe kahle ezingxenyeni ezingcolile zomzimba we-valve, njenge-valve Chamber, uxhumano lwe-flange, ngokusho komoya oqondile we-strisage futhi unxephezele ukuqina kokuqina nokuvimba iziphambeko ezinjenge-shrinkage kanye ne-porusios.

4. I-Trapezoidal Edge ocindezelayo

Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-shrinkage: Ijamo le-trapezoidal livumela indawo yokuxhumana enkulu phakathi kwesikhumulo kanye nokuphonsa, okuholela ekucindezelweni okukhulu. Lokhu kusizakala ngoketshezi lwensimbi ukugeleza kahle ekuqinisweni kwendawo yokuqina kokuphonswa ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-shrinkage. Izici ezinhle zokuhlanza ukushisa: Isakhiwo se-trapezoidal sinezinzuzo ezithile ekushisweni kokushisa. Isilinganiso sendawo esisohlangothini lwaso nezindawo eziphansi zihlukile, futhi zingashintshwa ngokuya ngezidingo zokuncipha kokushisa kokuphonsa, ukuze i-metal ketshezi ku-riser ingahlala iwuketshezi isikhathi esifanelekile. Kulula ukwakheka: ama-trapezoids ajwayelekile njalo, futhi kwinqubo yokuphonsa, kungaba ngesandla noma ukusebenzisa isikhunta, kulula kakhulu ukufeza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimo zabaphikisi, kulula ukufanisa ukwakheka kokuphonsa, kubenza kube lula ukufaka futhi bakulungise. Ilungele ama-conical castings, njengezikhala zamagiya we-bevel. Umphetho we-trapezoidal ocindezelayo ungaxhuma umngcele omncane oya emaphethelweni amancane okuphonsa kanye nonqenqemeni olubanzi kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-tap, futhi usebenze ngokushintshana ngokukhokhwa kwe-shrinkage ye-shrinsage uketshezi lwensimbi ngesikhathi sokuqina kwenqubo yokuqina. Isinyathelo Sham Caff: Okokukhishwa kwe-Shaft ngezinyathelo ezihlukile zamamitha, ama-trapezoidal arge wokucindezela ama-Risers angafakwa engxenyeni yesinyathelo, futhi ukwakheka kwawo kungashintshwa ngokuya ngosayizi we-shaft ngesikhathi sokuqina nokuvimbela izinkinga ezinjengezimbobo ze-shrinkage ngesinyathelo. Ama-Shell Actings akhethekile akhethekile

I-5. Inhlanganisela yokucindezela umngcele wokucindezela

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Edge Odding Riser kuyinto yohlobo lwe-riser oluhlanganisa ukwakheka okuhlukile nosayizi wezimpi noma ama-risers namanye amadivaysi esizayo asetshenzisiwe. Inezici ezilandelayo futhi ilungele ukusakazwa: ukugcwaliswa okuguqukayo kanye nokuncipha: izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimpi zingahlanganiswa nezimo ngokuya ngesimo, ukuqina kwezingxenye ezihlukile zokupholisa nokuncipha. Ukwenza ngcono inqubo yenqubo: Ngokuhlanganiswa okunengqondo, usayizi ophelele nesisindo sesikhumulo kungancishiswa ngempumelelo ngenkathi uhlangabezana nesidingo se-shrinkage, ngaleyo ndlela sandisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto zensimbi kanye nokwenza ngcono isivuno senqubo. Ukwenza ngcono ukulandelana kokuqina: amalungiselelo ahlukene kanye nezinhlanganisela zezimpi ezingasetshenziswa ukulungisa ukulandelana kokuqina kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zokusakaza, ukugqugquzela ukuqina okulandelanayo, bese ugxila ekunciphiseni indawo yokuphoqelela kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphonsa. Ilungele izinkambo eziningi ezihlelekile neziyinkimbinkimbi, njengezindikimba zomshini omkhulu wamathuluzi, imizimba ye-Chibheli ye-Cysinger Cylinder, njll. Lezi zindleko zinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, umehluko omkhulu odongeni ushube ezingxenyeni ezahlukene, nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuqina. Inhlanganisela yokucindezela okucindezelayo kwama-Edge Risers ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amajamo ahlukene nosayizi wezindawo zokuphazamiseka kwezindawo ezahlukahlukene zodonga, uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye inganxephezelwa kahle. Izindleko zokunemba: Izinkondawo ezifana nama-enjini enjini ezindizayo nokubumba okunembile okudinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi yangaphakathi. Inhlanganisela yokucindezela komngqeni nokukhuphuka ingafinyelela ukulawula okuqondile kwenqubo yokuqina kokukhokhiswa ngokuqanjwa ngokuqondile nokuhlanganiswa, ukunciphisa amandla aphezulu nokunemba okuphezulu.

Khetha iziphakamiso

1. Phuthani ukwakheka kwesigaba esishisayo: Lapho isigaba esishisayo siyindilinga noma sisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo, kukhethwa izibhamu eziyindilinga; Lapho isigaba esishisayo sikhuphuka noma singena, ama-elliptical noma ama-trapezoidal risers ayakhethwa.

2. Ukuhlanganisa amapharamitha enqubo: Lapho amazinga okushisa aphezulu aphezulu, usayizi we-riser kufanele ukhuphuke ngendlela efanele, futhi ukwakheka kufanele kube yindilinga noma i-jundi Lapho ukuqina kokuqina kunganele, gwema ukusebenzisa ama-risers abukhali ahlelekile futhi esikhundleni salokho sebenzisa i-trapezoidal noma eyindilinga.

3. Ukuxhumana nezinye izinqubo: Uma kusetshenziselwa i-Iron Cold ukusheshisa ukupholisa kwasendaweni, ama-trapezoidal noma ama-risers ahlanganisiwe angasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ibanga elithi shrinkage; Ngokugodlila okunciphisiwe okubiyelwe ngodonga, okubaluleke kakhulu kufanele kunikezwe ku-TrapeZises Shiseszoidal noma i-Elliptical Risers. Ukunaka usayizi we-Riser: Kudinga ukubalwa kusetshenziswa indlela ye-modulus noma indlela yokujikeleza indawo yokuqinisekisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ivolumu yesikhunta yanele ukumboza indawo eshisayo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwenqubo: Qinisekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwesimo se-riser ngokusebenzisa ukusakazwa kwecala noma ukuhlaziywa kokulingisa (njenge-mamasoft) ukugwema ukushwabana kanye ne-porosies deferes. Usizo lwensimbi ebandayo

Isifinyezo: Ukukhethwa komumo kokuphonsa umngcele wokucindezela kwe-Grey Cast Iron Iron kufanele kususelwe ekufaniseni kwezindawo ezishisayo. Izimbangi eziyindilinga nezengezo zilungele izimo eziningi, futhi izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zingakhethwa njenge-trapezoidal noma zihlangene. Idizayini yokugcina idinga ukulungiswa ngokusekelwe kumapharamitha enqubo kanye nezidingo zokuphonsa, futhi ukusebenza kahle kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokuzilolonga.