Ungabhekana kanjani nezinkinga zokufakelwa ezibandayo ezingxenyeni ezincane ezidongeni ezidongeni ezidongeni?

Ukuvela kwamakhaza kuvale futhi okuthelayo okubhalwe phansi ezingxenyeni ezincane ezidongeni elidotshwe ngodonga lwe-rouctile ngenkinga ejwayelekile ekukhiqizeni. Izakhi zeminwe ezibingelwe zihlambalaza ukushisa ngokushesha, futhi i-rouctile iron ngokwayo ine-fluidity empofu kunensimbi empunga, okwenza kube lula ukuqinisa ngaphambi kokugcwala insimbi ebiwe. Ukuxazulula le nkinga kudinga ukwenziwa kahle kohlelo kusuka ezicini eziningi.

Umbono Oyisisekelo Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizinyathelo eziqondile ezingathathwa:

1 Le yindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuthuthukisa ukwenziwa kwemali. Izingxenye ze-Iron ezingenawo odongeni elidonswayo zivumela amanani we-CE CE (imvamisa ngo-4.3-4.7%), ongazanywa ukusondeza emkhawulweni ophezulu noma udlule kancane (ukusebenza kudinga ukuqinisekiswa). Kubeka phambili okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okwandayo, kulandelwa ngokubheka i-silicon. Lawula ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kwe-sulfur yensimbi yoqobo ebiwe: isibabule ephansi yisisekelo se-spheroid enhle. Isibabule esiphakeme sizosebenzisa ama-ejenti anhlonipho, sikhiqize i-slag eyengeziwe, futhi sinciphise uketshezi. I-Target Original Iron Iron S ingaphansi kuka-0.02%. Ukusebenziseka kahle kwenqubo yokufakwa kwe-spheroid ukufakwa: Ukufakwa ezanele: Kusetshenziswa ama-Inoculants asebenzayo (njenge-Silicon Barium Strontium Calcium), ukukhulelwa okuningi kwenziwa (ekufuneni kwephakethe + ukugcwala kwe-Flow + in isikhunta se-Flow + in isikhunta). Ukuzalela ngokugeleza kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imali ye-liquidity futhi ukuvimbela ukwehla. Lawula inani le-ejenti ye-SPINLOISIZING NEX: Qinisekisa ukuguquguquka okuhle (izinga le-spheroidization ≥ 3), umenzeli we-spherouting ngokweqile uzokhulisa i-slag ne-oxides. I-MG eyinsalela kufanele ilawulwe ku-0.03-0.05%, futhi okusalayo re akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu. Ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa lokuthulula: Lesi yisilinganiso esibalulekile sezinto ezincibilikisiwe. Ukwanda kahle izinga lokushisa lokuthulula kungakhulisa kakhulu ukulimala kwensimbi ebilisiwe futhi kwandise isikhathi sokugcwalisa. Ibanga lokushisa eliqondiwe lidinga ukuba ≥ 1400 ° C, futhi ngisho no-1420-1450 ° C lingazama (Izidingo ezithile ezizonqunywa ngokususelwa kwisakhiwo sokuphonsa, isisindo kanye nokuhlolwa kohlelo lwezinhlelo). Kepha kuyadingeka ukulinganisa ubungozi be-shrinkage, ukufakwa kwe-slag, kanye nesihlabathi esinamathele okubangelwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Qinisekisa ubumsulwa bensimbi encibilikisiwe

2 Uhlelo Oluvulekile Lokuthulula: Ukwemukela uhlelo oluvulekile nge-Σ A STRIRTE> σ a aqonde> σ a inteilontal> σ a Ngaphakathi, okulungele ukugcwaliswa okusheshayo. Khulisa indawo yesigaba sesigaba se-Sprue: Ezingxenyeni ezincishwe odongeni, indawo enkulu yesigaba esisezingeni eliphakeme se-sprue iyadingeka ukwedlula izibalo ezihlanganisiwe ukujova i-caven ye-mold ngesivinini esikhulu kakhulu bese uyigcwalisa ngaphambi kokuqina. Kungase kudingekile ukukhulisa inombolo noma ububanzi bama-sprow. Fushanisa inqubo bese uhlakaza isingeniso: Ama-Sprip kufanele asatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo eduze kwezingxenye ezincibilikisiwe zodonga olubi kakhulu lokunciphisa ibanga lokugeleza kwensimbi ebilisiwe. Gwema ukuhamba okude kwensimbi ebilisiwe emgodini womuntu. Kwezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibiyelwe ngodonga, kungadingeka ama-SPRI amaningi. Yehlisa izinga lokugeleza kwe-Sprue: Yize ukugcwaliswa okusheshayo kuyadingeka, izinga lokugeleza ngokweqile lingadala ukufafaza, ukugoqa, nokwakhiwa kwe-slag yesibili ye-oxide, engakhulisa ukufakwa okubandayo. Ngokwengeza indawo yesigaba sesigaba se-Sprue, izinga lokugeleza lingancishiswa ngenkathi kuqinisekisa inani lokugeleza. Khuphula ukuphakama kwe-Sprue / Sebenzisa ama-Sproue Cups: Phakamisa i-indenter yensimbi futhi wandise amandla okugcwalisa. Consider a stepped pouring system: for thin-walled components with higher heights, use stepped runners to introduce molten iron layer by layer from the bottom, middle, or even top, shortening the flow distance of each layer of molten iron. Kusetshenziswa "ububanzi, obuncane, futhi obuzuzisayo" i-flat "inenzuzo yensimbi ukufaka i-catity eyisikhunta ngokuvundlile, ngokuqinile, futhi ehlakazekile, ukumboza indawo enkulu.

3. Qinisa ukuqeda: Setha ngokuphelele izimbobo zokuqeda amandla / ama-Risers: endaweni ephezulu kakhulu ye-cavity eyisikhunta (imvamisa endaweni ebindayo yensimbi (imvamisa lapho uhlukaniswa khona okhazimulayo, bese usetha inombolo enokwanela, bese ubeka neqoqo lokuphekela phansi). Qinisekisa ukuthi igesi ngaphakathi kwe-cavity yoMld ingaxoshwa ngokushesha ukuze igweme "i-gesi blockage" evimbela ukugcwaliswa kwensimbi ebiwe. Bheka ukubhekelwa komoya kwesihlabathi sokubumba: Qinisekisa ukuthi isihlabathi sokubumba (ikakhulukazi isihlabathi esingaphezulu) sine-Air Permeability eyanele. Ukuqukethwe komswakama kwesihlabathi esiluhlaza akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu. Icwecwe ngokunengqondo ukugwema ukuqina kwasendaweni okuthinta ukuqeda amandla.

4 Isikhathi eside sokupaka kungenye yezizathu eziphambili zokufakwa okubandayo kwezingxenye ezingcolile ezibandayo. Ukuthulula okuqhubekayo: Inqubo yokuthela kumele iqhubeke futhi ayikwazi ukuphazanyiswa. Ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kungakha kalula isithiyo esibandayo lapho kuphazamiseka. Ukuthululwa Kwesikhathi: Ngemuva kokuqedwa ukwelashwa kokufakwa kokufukelwa kokufakwa kwe-spheroid sekuphothuliwe, kufanele kuthulwe ngokushesha okukhulu (imvamisa kungakapheli imizuzu engu-8-10) ngaphambi kokuwohloka okuhle nokufukula.

5. Okunye ukucatshangelwa: Bheka isisindo sensimbi ebilisiwe ukuqinisekisa isisindo esanele sokuthulula, kucatshangelwa izidingo zohlelo lwe-sprue. Yehlisa inani le-sand cores / uthuthukise ukuphefumula okuyinhloko Lungiselela ukwakheka okuyisisekelo ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula okubushelelezi (njengokubeka ama-ducts okuqeda amandla, usebenzisa izintambo zokuphekela phansi / izintambo ze-wax, futhi usebenzisa isihlabathi esiphakeme esiphefumulayo). Amandla nokuhlangana kwesihlabathi sokubumba: Qinisekisa ukuthi isihlabathi sokubumba sinamandla anele okumelana nokuguguleka kwensimbi ebilisiwe futhi avikele isihlabathi ekuvinjelweni i-sprue noma umgodi. Kepha ukuphikisana kufanele kube umfaniswano ukugwema ubunzima bendawo obuthinta ukushwabana noma ukuphefumula.