Ngabe kufanelekile ukugcina ingcindezi engemihle ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezinkulu zensimbi e-adtile usebenzisa inqubo elahlekile ye-foam? Kunesikhathi esingakanani kulungile ukuthi ama-castings afakwe ebhokisini lesihlabathi?

1, kulungile kangakanani ukugcina ingcindezi engemihle ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu zensimbi ezingekho emthethweni usebenzisa inqubo elahlekile ye-foam?

1. Ukubukeka kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu ye-castings

Isimo esifanele: Ingaphezulu lokuphonsa bushelelezi, ngaphandle kwezimbobo zesihlabathi ezisobala, ama-pores, i-shrinkage noma ama-bulges, ngamakona acwebile namakhona, futhi akukho bulukhuni bendawo ebangelwa ukuwa kwesihlabathi. Isikhathi esifushane: Kungenzeka kube khona "ama-bulgen" (isikhunta sesihlabathi elahlekelwa ukwesekwa okungesihle lapho uketshezi lwensimbi lungaqinisekiswa ngokuphelele futhi lucindezelwe yingcindezi yomoya yangaphakathi) nezimbobo zesihlabathi (izinhlayiya zesihlabathi zifaka uketshezi lwensimbi olungaguquki). Isikhathi Eside: Uma isinkwa sokubumba sinempilo yomoya empofu, kungadala ukuthi ama-pores amancane avele ebusweni (ingcindezi engemihle ende ivumela igesi ukuba ichithe esihlabathini).

2. Ikhwalithi yangaphakathi yokukhokhiswa

Isimo esifanele: Ngokuhlolwa okungabhubhisi noma ukuhlolwa kwe-anatomical, azikho izimbobo ze-shrinkage noma ukukhululeka ngaphakathi kokuphonsa, ikakhulukazi izihlalo ezibucayi nezikhulu (njengama-flangeses nezihlalo ezibucayi) ezinezihlalo eziminyene. Isikhathi esifushane kakhulu: lapho uketshezi lwensimbi luqina futhi luncipha, isikhunta sesihlabathi siwela ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kokusekelwa kwengcindezi engemihle, futhi sithambekele ekunciphiseni ingcindezi ye-shrinkary, futhi sithambekele ekunciphiseni nasezindaweni eziwugqinsi. Isikhathi eside: Ngokuvamile, kunomthelela omncane kwikhwalithi yangaphakathi, kepha kungakhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla noma kubangele ukucindezelwa kwesihlabathi sendawo ngenxa yokucindezela kwengcindezelo engemihle yesihlabathi, ukwenza isihlabathi esilandelayo sokuhlanza kanzima.

3. Isihlabathi isikhunta nesimo se-coating

Isimo esifanelekile: Ngemuva kokuthelula, isikhunta sesihlabathi sihlala sinjalo sisonke, ngaphandle kokuvuvukala noma ukuwa okusobala, kanye ne-coating akubonisi ukukhonkotha okukhulu noma ukuqhekeka. Isikhathi esifushane: Ukubumba kwesihlabathi kuthambekele ekunwetshisweni (ingcindezi engemihle ikhishwa kusengaphambili, i-Metal Liquid Travity Canshinity Consvelity Developress Canshining Confression imbangela ukuwa kwesihlabathi, okuholela ekunamatheleni kwesihlabathi. Isikhathi Eside: Uma ukubekwa uphawu kwebhokisi lesihlabathi kungukumpofu, ingcindezi engemihle yesikhathi eside ingadala ukuba izinhlayiya zesihlabathi zendawo zingene ebusweni bokuphonsa, noma ukuhlanganiswa kungahlakulela imifantu emihle ngenxa yokudonswa kwengcindezi emibi ende.

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Isimo esifanele: Isikhathi sokuqina kwesikhulisi sifana nomzimba omkhulu wokuphonsa, futhi azikho izikhala ezisobala noma ukulangazelela ku-molten Metal e-Strue ngemuva kokuqina. Isikhathi esifushane: I-Riser ingaqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ilahlekelwe yimiphumela yokunxephezela kwayo, okuholela ekunciphiseni izinkinga emzimbeni wokuphonsa; I-Sprue ingakhombisa amamaki aphukile "aphukile" ngenxa yokuwa kwesihlabathi.

Lapho wenza izahlulelo ezisebenzayo, ukulungiswa okuphelele kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe esakhiweni sokuphonsa (njengokuqina kodonga, ukuthela izinga lokushisa, isisekelo sokubumba kufanele kube "isisekelo sesihlabathi kufanele kube" uketshezi lwensimbi luhlolisiswa ngokuphelele futhi luphinde lubuyiselwe ngaphambi kokukhipha ingcindezi engemihle.

Ukutadisha amacala kukhombisa ukuthi lapho usebenzisa inqubo elahlekile ye-foam ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinkulu zamathuluzi amakhulu ama-500-7 amathuluzi womshini wensimbi (njengamabhokisi), ingcindezi engemihle ebambe isikhathi ngemuva kokuthulula izidingo, ukuqina kodonga, nobunzima bokuphola. Umgogodla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusakaza kuqiniswe ngokuphelele futhi isihlabathi isikhunta singanikeza ukwesekwa okuzinzile ukugwema iziphambeko ezinjengokushintshana. Okwezinkolelo ezinesisindo esingu-5 amathani, amathani angama-7, amathani ayi-10, namathani ayi-15, uhla lwezethenjwa lungokulandelayo:

Izinkokhelo zethani elingu-5: Lolu hlobo lwebhokisi luvame ukuba nobukhulu obukhulu bodonga olungaba ngu-80-120mm, futhi kunconyelwa ukugcina ingcindezi engemihle yemizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwe-15. Izinkomba zethani elingu-7

Ukuphonsa amathani ayi-10: Kungokomzimba omkhulu webhokisi, ngokuqina okuphezulu kodonga olungu-150-200mm, nesakhiwo sangaphakathi esiyinkimbinkimbi (njengezimbobo zangaphakathi). Kunconywa ukugcina ingcindezi engemihle imizuzu engama-25-30.

Izinkomba eziyishumi: izingxenye eziwugqinsi (ezinjengezisekelo zebhokisi nama-flanges) zingaba nodonga oludlula odongeni oludlula ama-200mm, isikhathi eside ukuqina, kanye nengcindezi engemihle ebambe isikhathi semizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, kuyadingeka ukuguquguquka kalula ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu (anganwetshwa lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu), "nokunwetshwa kwezindawo zokuqina (ezifana" nezindawo eziphelele zokuphoqelela.

2, kanjani ukubala isikhathi sokuqina ngemuva kokuphonsa lapho kukhiqiza izingxenye zensimbi e-ductile usebenzisa inqubo elahlekile ye-foam?

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Isikhathi sokuqina (T, iyunithi: imizuzu) ye-actile yensimbi, ngobukhulu obuphezulu odongeni (Δ, unit: mm) kokuphonswa kwemali njengepharamitha enkulu, ungabhekisa kwifomula enamandla: t = k × × δ

Phakathi kwazo, K kungukuqina kokuqina. Kwinqubo elahlekile ye-foam, inani le-k lensimbi elahlekile livame ukuthathwa njenge-0.015-0.025 min / mm

Isibonelo: Uma ubukhulu bodonga obukhulu bokuphonsa buka-100mm no-k = 0.02, isikhathi sokuqina t = 0.02 × 100 ² = imizuzu engama-20.

2. Cabanga ukulungiswa kokucaciswa kwenqubo

Kunqubo ye-EPC, ngenxa yethonya lokukhiqizwa kwegesi kusuka ekuvukeni kwephethini yegwebu kanye nesimo esingesihle sokucindezela kwesihlabathi isinkwa, isikhathi sokubeka sidinga ukulungiswa kahle:

Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuphonsa (njengama-protor abukhulu kanye nama-cavities angaphakathi): Isikhathi sokuqina sikhuphuka ngo-10% -20%; Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme eliphakeme (njenge-1400-1450 ℃): ukupholisa kancane koketshezi lwensimbi, isikhathi esingeziwe sokuqina ngo-5% -15%; Ukulwa komoya okumpofu kwesinkwa sesihlabathi (njengezinhlayiyana ezinhle zesihlabathi se-quartz): Ukudilizwa okusheshayo kokushisa, isikhathi sokuqinisa kancane.

3. Isahlulelo esizayo ekukhiqizweni kwangempela

Ukubheka i-Riser: Lapho ingaphezulu lesigiphuri liqina futhi akukho ukugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, umzimba oyinhloko wokuphonsa ngokuyisisekelo uqiniswe; Indlela yokulinganisa yokushisa: I-thermocouple ifakwe engxenyeni ethile yokuphonswa. Lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngezansi komugqa wesosimu (cishe ngo-1150 ℃ we-rouctile iron), kubhekwa njengokuqinile.

Isifinyezo: Umgogodla ukulinganisa isikhathi esiyisisekelo ngefomula ephezulu yodonga oluphezulu, bese uluguqula ngokususelwa kwimininingwane yenqubo. Ekugcineni, isimo sangempela sokuqina (njengokulinganisa kokuphuthumayo kanye nokushisa) kuqinisekiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi engemihle ikhishwa ngemuva kokuphonsa ngokuphelele kuqiniswe ngokuphelele. 3, Kunesikhathi isikhathi esingakanani ukugcina ama-castings amakhulu e-rouctile iron ebhokisini lesihlabathi ngemuva kokuthulula usebenzisa inqubo yokunyamalala yokubumba?

Lapho ukhiqiza izingxenye ezinkulu (uhlobo lwebhokisi) lwamathuluzi we-500-7 we-iron umshini we-foam usebenzisa inqubo elahlekile ye-foam, ukufakwa kanye nesikhathi esingenayo ebhokisini lesihlabathi ngemuva kokuthulula izidingo ngokususelwa kusisindo, ukushelela kodonga, kanye nezidingo zokulawula ukucindezelwa kwangaphakathi. Umgogodla ukugwema ukuqhekeka kanye nodoti kokuphonswa kwemali ngenxa yokupholisa okusheshayo, ngenkathi kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Lokhu okulandelayo kungamareferensi amathani, amathani angama-7, amathani ayi-10, kanye nezinqolobane eziyishumi ezi-15:

Ukuphonsa amathani angama-5: Ubukhulu bebhokisi lodonga luphakathi (80-120mm), isakhiwo silula, futhi ukufakwa okutuswa kanye nesikhathi esinconyiwe kanye nesikhathi sokungenayo ngamahora angama-8-10. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa le-castrong lize lifinyelele kuma-600-700 ℃, futhi ukucindezelwa kwangaphakathi kukhishwe ngokuyisisekelo, okwenza kube mancane amathuba okuba adanga ngenxa yokupholisa okusheshayo lapho kungavulwa. Izinkokhelo zethani elingu-7: ukukhuphuka kodonga (100-150mm), kungaqukatha imithambo eyinkimbinkimbi yangaphakathi noma ama-flanges awugqinsi, isikhathi sokufakwa kudinga ukunwetshwa ngamahora ayi-12-14 ukuqinisekisa ukupholisa kancane kwezindawo eziwugqinsi futhi kunciphise ukucindezela kwezicubu. Izinkomba eziyishumi: izingxenye eziwugqinsi zomzimba omkhulu webhokisi (ezinjengesisekelo nesihlalo sesisekelo) zinodonga olungu-150-200mm. Kunconywa ukuvula ibhokisi lokufakwa kwamahora ayi-16-24 ukugwema ukuqhekeka okubangelwa umehluko wokushisa ngokweqile phakathi kokungaphakathi nangaphandle. Izinkomba eziyishumi: ukushuba kodonga kwezingxenye ezibalulekile zomthwalo webhokisi elikhulu le-Ultra kungadlula i-200mm, kudinga ukupholisa okuhamba kancane. Isikhathi sokufakelwa kanye nesikhathi esingemuva ngokuvamile amahora angama-25-30, futhi uma kunesidingo, izinto zokufakelwa zingambozwa ukunwebeka isikhathi sokupholisa kancane futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izinga lokushisa le-casts lihle kakhulu. Ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lokukhokhwa kwemali lingabhekelwa yisibhamu sokushisa (livikelekile ukuvula ibhokisi elingaphansi kuka-500 ℃), noma kuhlanganiswe nokulungiswa kwezimbambo ezinzima kanye noshintsho olunzima phakathi kwezindonga eziwumqopha kanye nezintambo ezinzima eziphakathi kwezindonga eziwumqopha ngokufanele; Uma kunenqubo yokunxusa esikhathini esizayo, singafinyezwa ngendlela efanele, kodwa kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alikho ingozi enkulu yokukhishwa kwemali lapho kuvulwa ibhokisi.