Siyini isizathu se-delamination egobolondweni elenziwe ngesihlabathi sengilazi yamanzi ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba utshalomali?

Ekubunjweni kokutshalwa kwezimali (i-wax casting elahlekile), lapho kusetshenziswa inqubo yokwenza igobolondo lesihlabathi sengilazi yamanzi, i-sand shell delamination (ukucwecwa kwegobolondo) kungenye yeziphambeko ezivamile, ezingaholela endaweni embi, ama-burrs, ngisho nokuphuka kwesakhiwo sokuphonsa. Okulandelayo yizizathu nezisombululo ezingaba khona:

1. Ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu eziyinhloko

(1) Inkinga yokunamathela kwengilazi yamanzi yukuthi i-modulus yengilazi yamanzi (SiO ₂ / Na ₂ O ratio) ayifanele. I-modulus iphakeme kakhulu (>3.2): iqina ngokushesha kakhulu, igobolondo liyaphuka, futhi lijwayele ukuqhekeka kanye ne-delamination. I-modulus iphansi kakhulu (<2.6): ukuqina kancane, amandla anganele, ukubopha kwe-interlayer okungekuhle. Ukuminyana okungafanele kwengilazi yamanzi (>1.40g/cm ³) kuholela ekungeneni kahle nokungangeni kahle kwesendlalelo esingezansi; Uma ukuminyana kuphansi kakhulu (<1.28g/cm ³), amandla okubopha awanele.

(2) Inqubo yokuqina engalungile, ukugxila okunganele noma isikhathi se-ejenti yokuqina (NH ₄ Cl noma i-CO ₂), ukuqina okungaphelele, ingilazi yamanzi engaphenduliwe esele ngaphakathi kwegobolondo, ukuncipha kanye ne-delamination ngemva kokumisa. Isikhathi se-CO ₂ sokungenisa umoya side kakhulu noma ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu. Ingaphezulu lukhuni ngokweqile, futhi ungqimba lwangaphakathi aluqini, lwakha "igobolondo eliqinile elithambile core".

(3) Uma isihlabathi sifafazwa ngokungalingani noma ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana zesihlabathi kungenangqondo ekusebenzeni kwegobolondo, futhi ingxenye yesihlabathi esimahhadla (njenge-20-40 mesh) iphezulu kakhulu, ukuhlangana komshini phakathi kwezingqimba kuba buthaka. Uma kunesihlabathi esicolekile kakhulu (njenge-70-100 mesh), ukungena kwamanzi kuba buthakathaka futhi igesi eqinile ayikwazi ukungena. Ukomiswa kwe-interlayer okunganele kubangela ukuthi ungqimba olulandelayo lumbozwe ngaphambi kokuba ungqimba lwangaphambili lomiswe ngokuphelele, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokunamathela ngenxa yomswakama osele.

(4) Izinto zemvelo ezifana nokuswakama okuphezulu (>70% RH), umswakama omunca ingilazi yamanzi, ukubambezeleka kokuqina, namandla aphansi wegobolondo. Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu (<15 ℃), izinga lokusabela eliqinile liyehla futhi ukubopha kwe-interlayer akuqinile.

(5) Ukungcoliswa kwempahla yesikhunta se-wax esinezinto ezisalela zokukhulula (njengamafutha abicah) noma uthuli kungase kuthinte isibopho phakathi kwengilazi yamanzi nezinhlayiya zesihlabathi.

2. Isixazululo

(1) Lungiselela imingcele yengilazi yamanzi futhi ulungise i-modulus ku-2.8-3.0 (ngokwengeza i-NaOH noma i-silica sol). Lawula ukuminyana phakathi kuka-1.30-1.36g/cm ³ (nciphisa noma gxilisa ngamanzi). (2) Linganisa inqubo yokuqina nge-NH ₄ Cl isixazululo esiqinile sokuhlushwa kwe-20-25% kanye nesikhathi sokucwiliswa kwemizuzu engu-5-10. Ukuqina kwe-CO ₂: ingcindezi engu-0.1-0.2MPa, isikhathi sokungenisa umoya imizuzwana engama-30-60 (ilungiswa ngokujiya kwegobolondo).

+ Ukomiswa kwe-Interlayer: Ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba ngalunye lumboziwe, kufanele lomiswe ngokwemvelo amahora angu-2-4 (noma ukomiswa komoya okuphoqelekile).

(4) Ukushisa kwemvelo yokulawula imvelo: gcina i-20-25 ℃, umswakama ≤ 60%. Ukuhlanza isikhunta se-wax: Sebenzisa utshwala noma ama-ejenti okuhlanza akhethekile ukuze ususe ngokuphelele i-ejenti yokukhulula.

(5) Ezinye izinyathelo zihlanganisa ukwengeza ama-ejenti aqinisayo: ukwengeza i-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane engu-1-2% (efana ne-KH550) engilazini yamanzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunamathela kwe-interlayer. Ukuqina kwesibili: Ngemuva kokuthi igobolondo lenziwe, licwiliswa ngokugcwele kwisisombululo sokuqina ukuze liqiniswe.

3. Inqubo yophenyo yokukhubazeka

1. Hlola indawo yokubeka izingqimba: ukuhlukaniswa kongqimba olungaphezulu kanye nongqimba olushintshayo → ukuhlanzwa kwesikhunta se-wax noma inkinga yezinhlayiyana zesihlabathi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesendlalelo soguquko nesendlalelo esingemuva → inqubo yokuqina noma izinkinga zokugreda.

2. Ukuhlola amandla egobolondo: Sebenzisa isihloli sokuqina ukuze ulinganise ubulukhuni besendlalelo ngasinye, futhi ulungise amapharamitha okuqina lapho umehluko ungaphezu kuka-15%.

3. Ukubuka i-morphology ye-cross-sectional: izinhlayiya eziningi zesihlabathi eziwayo → ukunamathela okunganele; Isiphambano esibushelelezi → ukuqina okunganele.

4. Isiphakamiso senqubo ehlukile: Uma i-delamination yenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe, esinye isisombululo esilandelayo singacatshangelwa: i-silica sol water glass composite igobolondo: i-silica sol yongqimba olungaphezulu (ukunemba okuphezulu), kanye nengilazi yamanzi yongqimba lwangemuva (izindleko eziphansi).

Yonke inqubo ye-silica sol: Ingozi ephansi ye-delamination, kodwa izindleko eziphezulu. Ngokulungisa ngokuhlelekile izinto ezibonakalayo, inqubo, kanye nemingcele yemvelo, inkinga ye-delamination emanzini egobolondo lesihlabathi sengilazi yamanzi ingaxazululwa ngempumelelo. Phakamisa ukwenza izivivinyo ezincane ukuze uqinisekise uhlelo lokuthuthukisa kuqala.