2025-06-04
Ama-pores aphansi ezinsimbi ezimpunga ama-cast cast anezici ezilandelayo: Indawo yokusabalalisa: Imvamisa itholakala 1-3mm ngaphansi komhlaba okuphambene nesango, ezansi kwesikhundla sokupayela, kanye nezinye izingxenye. Ukubukeka: Kuncane ngosayizi, nobubanzi obungu-1-3mm nobude obungu-4-6mm, kuyinto eyindilinga, i-pinhole ebunjiwe noma okuvame ukusatshalaliswa, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, kwakha ukwakheka okukhulu, kwakha ukwakheka okukhulu. Izici zodonga lwe-Pore Wall: I-Pore Wall ibushelelezi futhi icwebezele, ngokwengxenye embozwe ifilimu ye-graphite, okuvela esiliva okumhlophe, kanye nezindonga ezimbalwa ze-pore ezivulekile zinama-cavided ngombala. Isikhathi sokuvela: Ama-pores azodalulwa kuphela ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa, adubule ukuqhuma ukuhlanza, ukususwa kwesikali se-oxide, noma ukucubungula okwenziwe ngomshini.
Okulandelayo ukuwohloka okuningiliziwe kwemithombo esemqoka kaphethiloli kuma-pores aphansi:
I-gesi eqondile: igesi kuma-pores aphansi ikakhulukazi yi-h ₂ futhi n ₂. I-CO iyigesi ebalulekile ebamba iqhaza, kepha okubaluleke kakhulu, isebenza njengomkhiqizo wokuphendula ukudala izimo zokuhlasela kwamanye amagesi. I-Formation Mechanism Core: Ukuba khona kwefilimu ye-oxide (FEO) ebusweni be-molton iron kuyinto ebalulekile yokufuna ukuphendula kwamakhemikhali angemuva (ikakhulukazi feo + c xxx Fe + co). Ngaphandle kwefilimu e-oxide, ukuphendula kunzima ukusungula, futhi ukuthambekela kwama-pores aphansi kuncishiswe kakhulu. I-Mold Provoct: Ukuqukethwe komswakama kwesihlabathi sokubumba (ukukhiqiza i-H ₂) nokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ye-resin (ukukhiqiza i-n ₂) yimithombo eyinhloko yegesi yokubumba. Ukuhlanganiswa okumanzi kanye nokubola kwento e-organic nakho kuyizinto ezibalulekile. Izici zangaphakathi zensimbi ebiwe: i-hydrogen ephezulu kanye ne-nitrogen okuqukethwe ku-molton iron, kanye ne-oxidation ngokweqile ye-molton iron (FEO), yizimbangela ezemvelo. Izimo Zokuqina: Ama-pores aphansi avela esigabeni sokuqala sokuqina (unamathisele njengendawo), kanye negesi aqoqiwe ngaphambili kokuqina futhi kubanjwa ama-dendrites akhulayo. Izinga lokupholisa kanye nendlela yokuqina yokusakaza futhi kuthinta ukwakheka nosayizi wama-pores. Kalula nje, ama-pores ngaphansi kwe-Grey Cast Iron Sheet ama-pores amancane akhiwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali (ikakhulukazi ukukhishwa kwe-opidation) phakathi kwe-complenction ephezulu, okubangelwa yi-organic, okuholela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-orgate, okuholela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-orgate (i-nitrogen (kwesinye isikhathi co) e-solification ngaphambili. ** Ukhiye wokuvimbela ukulawula izinga le-iron oxidation, wehlise umswakama / u-resin nitrogen okuqukethwe kwesihlabathi sokubumba, futhi uqinisekise ukumiswa kwenhlanganisela.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuxazulula i-porolity ngaphansi kwe-Grey Cast Iron Sheet?
Izindlela ezihlelekile nezibhekisiwe zidinga ukuthathwa ukuxazulula iziphambeko zegesi (ama-mainholes) ngaphansi kwamashidi ensimbi ampunga, ngokunciphisa imithombo yegesi, ukucindezela ukukhishwa kwegesi, nokukhuthaza imvelo yokuqina, nokwenza kahle imvelo yokuqina ". Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizixazululo ezikhethekile nezisebenzayo, ezihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokulawula:
1, Sika umthombo wegesi (isixazululo esiyisisekelo) 1 Lawula ngokuqinile uhlelo lwesihlabathi sokubumba (ikakhulukazi isihlabathi esiluhlaza kanye nesihlabathi se-resin) ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-bentonite okusebenzayo ukuze ugweme ukungezwa kwamanzi ngokweqile ekufuneni amandla. Qinisa ukupholisa kwesihlabathi esidala ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izinga lokushisa lesihlabathi esiphindaphindwayo lingaphansi kwama-50 ° C (isihlabathi esishisayo yimbangela yokufuduka komswakama nokwehluleka). Lungiselela inqubo yokuxuba kwesihlabathi ukuqinisekisa ngisho nokusatshalaliswa komswakama. Umswakama wethagethi: lungisa ohlelweni lwesihlabathi nokuphonsa odongeni, kuvame ukulawulwa ngaphakathi kwebanga le-3.0% -4.2% (umkhawulo ophansi wezingxenye ezingcolile, kepha ezinye izinyathelo zidinga ukuthathwa). Yehlisa okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kwesihlabathi se-resin (ukhiye ku-resin sand): Khetha i-nitrogen ephansi noma i-nitrogen yamahhala ye-resin ne-ejenti yokwelapha. Insimbi empunga empunga, kunconywa ukuthi okuqukethwe okuphelele kwe-nitrogen ye-resin kube <3%, futhi izingxenye ezibalulekile noma ezibucayi ziba <1.5%. Lawula ngokuqinile inani le-resin ne-ejenti yokwelapha ongezwe ukugwema ukweqisa. Qinisa ukuvuselelwa kwesihlabathi esidala, susa i-micro powder kanye nama-linder angasebenzi kahle (ama-micro adderbing nitrides). Yehlisa ukuphuma kwegesi ye-Organic: Lawula inani lezengezo ezifana ne-poal poal kanye nesitashi esingeziwe. Khetha i-Bentonite nezengezo ngento ephansi eguqukayo kanye nesizukulwane esiphansi segesi. Qinisekisa ukomisa ngokuphelele i-coating: Izigqoko ezisuselwa emanzini kumele zomiswe kahle ngemuva kokufafaza, ngokubaluleka okunikezwe ukubhaka egumbini lokumisa (150-250 ° C amahora angu-1-2 kuphela okomisa umoya. Lawula ubukhulu bengqimba ye-coating, ikakhulukazi emakhoneni nasemigomweni yesihlabathi. Khetha izigqoko zokuphuma kwegesi eziphansi. 2. Hlanza insimbi ebilisiwe futhi unciphise okuqukethwe kwegesi okuncibilikisiwe. Izinto zomile zomile nezihlanzekile: insimbi yengulube, i-scrap yensimbi, kanye nezinto zokwakha kabusha kumele zibe mahhala, mahhala uwoyela futhi zomile. Izinto zokwenziwa ngokuqinile zidinga ukuqhuma okudutshulwa noma ukucwaswa (> 300 ° C). Gwema ukusebenzisa izinto zomlilo eziqukethe izinto eziphilayo ngokweqile (njengemfucumfucu yemoto ye-rotor enameded wire) noma ama-alloy aphezulu we-nitrogen. Ukulawulwa okuqinile kwezinto ezisizayo: ama-carbonizer, ama-inoculants, kanye nama-splomoizer kumele abe nesibabule esiphansi, i-nitrogen ephansi, into ephansi eguquguqukayo, kanye nokuqukethwe komswakama okuphansi. Preheat kuze ku-200- 300 ° C noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokusebenzisa (ikakhulukazi ama-inoculants). Umenzeli wesembozo kumele womile. Lungiselela ukusebenza kwe-SMELTITATIng Qinisekisa izinga lokushisa elanele lensimbi ebilisiwe (1500-1550 ° C) kanye nesikhathi esifanele sokubamba (imizuzu engu-5-10) ukukhuthaza ukuphunyula phezulu kwamagesi ancibilikile (h ₂, N ₂). Gwema i-oxidation ngokweqile. Esigabeni sakamuva sokunyibilika, kungavunyelwa kafushane ukuma nokususa igesi. Ukuhlanzwa kwegesi (AR) kungenziwa uma kuvunyelwe izimo. Lawula umkhathi ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo ukuvikela umoya onomswakama ungangeni (amboze umlomo womlilo futhi ulondoloze ingcindezi emncane). Ukulawulwa kokulawula: Ukwelashwa kwe-Spheroid / Ukufukanyelwa Kusebenzisa izikhwama ze-Teapot, izembozo ezi-tundish, njll. Ukunciphisa umoya we-curling. Ukukhulelwa kwenziwa ngokulandela ukugeleza, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-supercooling yendawo nokukhishwa kwegesi okubangelwa ukwengeza ngokweqile kwesikhathi esisodwa.
2, ukuvimbela ukusabela okulimazayo endaweni ebonakalayo phakathi kwensimbi ebilisiwe kanye nokubumba (ukuphumelela okusemqoka) Esigabeni sakamuva sokunyibilikisa, inani elincane le-aluminium (0.01-0.03%) noma umhlaba ongavamile angangezwa nge-doxidation, kepha ukuqaphela okwedlulele kuyadingeka (i-alumininum eyeqisayo ingadala ukwakheka okungajwayelekile, futhi umhlaba ongavamile ungenza umkhuba wokuncipha). Inani elifanele lidinga ukunqunywa ngokuhlola. Hlanza i-slag ngesikhathi esifanele. Lungiselela izinga lokushisa lokuthulula: Khulisa izinga lokushisa elifanele ngokufanele (ngokuvamile> 1380 ° C, kulungiswe ngokuya ngodonga). I-Iron yokushisa ephakeme yokushisa incibilika inobunzima obuhle nokuqina kancane, okulungele ukugcwala kwegesi kanye nokubola kwama-reactivation kanye nokuvusa ama-reactivation wokuzijabulisa, ngenkathi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokwakheka kwefilimu oxide. Kepha gwema ukushisa ngokweqile okungadala isihlabathi isikhunta. Qinisekisa Ukuvikelwa Kwenqubo Yokuthela: Bhaka bese wemisa iLadi, bese usebenzisa i-ejenti yesembozo ukuvikela ingaphezulu lensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ukwemukela uhlelo olungezansi lokuthulula noma ukugcwaliswa okuphezulu okuzinzile ukunciphisa i-oxidation yokusakazwa kwamanzi kwensimbi. 2. Wenza buthaka impendulo "ye-feo + c Inani elifanelekile le-Iron Oxide Powder (FE ₂ O3) noma i-High Manganese Steel Shot ingangezwa ukuze i-resin isihlabathi ukuze idle ikhabhoni noma ishintshe indlela yokuphendula (ukuze ihlolwe). Ngokushesha sula umkhathi oncishisiwe: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-cavetha ye-mold igcwele ngokushesha ngensimbi ebunjiwe ephezulu ngemuva kokuthela, ukuvumela izinto eziphilayo ebusweni besihlabathi sokubumba kuya ku-pillondze ashelelezi futhi kwahlukanisa i-carbon file ebunjiwe.
Ukuxazulula ama-pores ashukumisayo ubunjiniyela obuhlelekile obudinga izindlela eziningi. * Lapho kuphakama izinkinga, ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwezimbangela kufanele kwenziwe ngokususelwa kwizici zama-pores (indawo, usayizi, ukusatshalaliswa, imigqa yesihlabathi, ukuthela izinga lokushisa, isimo se-resin). Okubaluleke kakhulu kufanele kunikezwe ukuzama imbangela okungenzeka kakhulu (njengokuhlola okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kanye nokuphelelwa amandla ezingxenyeni zesihlabathi se-resin kuqala, futhi uhlole umswakama kanye nokuvumela izingxenye zesihlabathi eziluhlaza kuqala) ukugwema izinguquko ezimpumputhe. Ukuqapha kwenqubo okuqhubekayo kanye nesiyalo senqubo eqinile kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela ukuphindeka.