Ungasixazulula kanjani iphutha lesihlabathi esinamathela ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye zensimbi ezimpunga eziwukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-film camera camera?

Inkinga enkulu yokunamathela kwesihlabathi ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ze-27 kg grey cast iron gelley izingxenye ezisetshenziswayo zefilimu ezihlanganisiwe ze-film isici esivamile kwinqubo yokuphonsa. Isihlabathi esinamathelayo singakhulisa kakhulu ukuhlanza umthwalo, silimaze ikhwalithi ephezulu yokukhokhiswa, ukukhulisa izindleko, futhi kungahle kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwama-castings. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ukuphenya okuhlelekile nokwenza kahle kudingeka kwenziwe kusuka ezicini eziningi ezifana nesihlabathi esihlanganisiwe uqobo, amapharamitha ecubungula, izici zensimbi ezincibilikisiwe, ukwakheka kokubumbana nokusebenza. Okulandelayo izixazululo ezinemininingwane nezilinganiso:

1. Izinkinga zekhwalithi ezinesihlabathi esimisiwe - izizathu eziyisisekelo:

a. Ikhwalithi engeyinhle yesihlabathi esiluhlaza: Ukuqukethwe okuphansi okuphansi Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi abangenangqondo: Izinhlayiya zesihlabathi zinobunzima obukhulu (njenge> 70 Mesh), izikhala phakathi kwezinhlayiya zesihlabathi zikhulu, futhi insimbi encibilikisiwe iyathambekela ekungeneni nasekuthambekeleni kwesihlabathi semishini. Uma izinhlayiya zesihlabathi zihamba kahle kakhulu (njenge> 14,10 mesh), yize ingaphezulu liyi-denser, ilungelo le-permeality limpofu, futhi ukuncipha kwegesi ngaphakathi kwe-sand core / isikhunta, okungenzeka empeleni kwandise ukufakwa kwensimbi ebilisiwe noma kubangele ukufakwa. Ijamo elibi lezinhlayiya: Isihlabathi esinezingcweti eziphakeme ze-angular (polygonal) zinokupakisha okuphansi okupakisha kanye ne-porsity ephezulu kunesanti eliyindilinga, okwenza kuthambekele ekungeneni kwemishini kanye nesihlabathi esinamathela.

b. Ukusebenza okunganele kwefilimu ye-Resin: Okuqukethwe okunganele kwe-Resin noma ikhwalithi empofu Ukulashwa Okungaphelele: Ukungalingani okunganele kokulwa noma isikhathi sokwelapha ngesikhathi sokwenza okuyisisekelo kungaholela ekutheni uphulukeke olungaphelele nokwelashwa kwe-resin, amandla aphansi esinkwa se-mold / umnyombo kanye nokwehluleka okulula kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Ungayixazulula kanjani ekukhiqizweni kwangempela

Khetha isihlabathi esisezingeni eliphakeme Thuthukisa ukusebenza kwesihlabathi esihlanjululwe: Khulisa okuqukethwe kwe-resin: kukhuphule inani lemali ye-phenolic resin engeziwe (e.g. kuya ku-2.3-2.8%) ukuqinisekisa ifilimu eliminyene futhi eliqhubekayo. Ukungeza i-Refractory Filler: Ukungeza izengezo ezingathuthukisa ukuthuthuka futhi kunciphise ukuthambekela kwesihlabathi esihlanganisiwe: I-zirconia powder: umphumela omuhle kakhulu, ubuhlakani obukhulu (> 2000 ℃), kepha izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu. Kungangena esikhundleni sesihlabathi sokuqala noma kusetshenziswe njengesengezo (5-20%). I-chromite powder: ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu, okuhlanganiswe okuphansi kokwanda okushisayo, kanye nokumelana okuhle kokungena kwensimbi. I-Olivine Powder: Ukuqina okuhle okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwe-alkaline slag. I-Alumina Alumina Alumina Powder / Mullite Powder: Ithuthukisa Amandla Okushisa Okuphezulu. Sebenzisa i-Resin Esebenza kahle Qinisekisa ukwelashwa okwanele: ukulawula ngokuqinile amapharamitha enzeyo asemqoka (izinga lokushisa elikhulisa livame phakathi kuka-220-260 ℃, futhi isikhathi sokwelapha siyalungiswa ngokuya ngosayizi wesihlabathi) ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-resin yelapha ngokuphelele.

2. Izizathu zokuthulula uhlelo kanye namapharamitha enqubo

a. Ukushisa ngokweqile kokushisa: I-Grey Cast Iron inobunzima obuhle, kanye nokushisa ngokweqile okushisa (okufana ne-> 1450 ℃) kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi encibilikisweni, kukhulisa isigaxa sesihlabathi. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu nawo angalimaza ifilimu le-resin.

b. Isivinini esikhulu sokuthela ngokweqile

c. Ikhanda ngokweqile (ukuphakama okuthululwa)

d. Ithonya le-molten iron ukwakheka: i-carbon ephakathi nendawo (CE): okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni i-silicon (CE> 4.3-4.5) kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukulimala kwensimbi ebilisiwe futhi kukhulise ukuthambekela kwayo kokunye. Isilinganiso esiphansi se-MN / S Kunconywa ukulawula isilinganiso se-MN / S phakathi kuka-8-12. Okuqukethwe kwe-Phosphorus: I-Phosphorus ephezulu (P> 0.1%) izonciphisa ukungezwani kwensimbi ebiwe, ukukhulisa ukungatholakali, nokukhuthaza ukungena. I-Oxidation: I-oxidation ngokweqile yensimbi encibilikisiwe ingakhiqiza okuningi kwe-oxide inclusions, okuthinta ukwakheka kwefilimu evikelayo ebusweni.

Isixazululo - Lawula ngokuqinile amazinga okushisa wokuthulula: ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukugcwalisa okuphelele nokugwema ukufakwa okubandayo, zama ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokuthulula ngangokunokwenzeka. I-pulley ye-27 kilo fore grey cast pulley, elawula ukufudumala okushisa phakathi kuka-1360-1400 ℃ (kulungiswe ngokuya ngobukhulu odongeni, nomkhawulo ophansi wezingxenye ezingcolile) kuvame ukuba umgomo ongeyena odongeni) kuvame ukuba umgomo owenziwe ngodonga. I-thermometer kumele ilinganiswe kahle! Lungiselela isivinini sokuthulula: Yamukela ijubane elibushelelezi nelilinganiselayo. Cabanga ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuthulula ngezikhwama ze-buffer noma umjovo ongezansi ukuze unciphise umthelela oqondile emgodini wohlobo. Yehlisa ukuphakama kwe-indenter: ngenkathi kungukuqinisekisa ukugcwalisa, zama ukunciphisa ukuphakama kweNdebe ye-Sprue noma usebenzise i-Strue Strue. Lungiselela ukwakheka kwe-molton iron: ngenkathi uhlangabezana nezindawo zemishini (ikakhulukazi amandla) wokukhokhiswa, ngokunciphisa ngokufanele i-carbon elingana (CE) (njengelitshe CE (njengelitshe CE (njengelitshe CE = 4.0-4.2), ikakhulukazi okuqukethwe kwe-silicon. Qinisekisa isilinganiso esanele se-MN / s Lawula i-oxidation ye-molton iron: yenza ukwelashwa kwe-inoculation inocution (ngcono i-graphite morphology, ithinta ngokungaqondile ingaphezulu), gwema ukushukuma okuvuselelayo noma okuvuselelayo okuthe xaxa okungadala i-oxidation.

3. I-Mold / Sand Core Design kanye nezinkinga zokusebenza

a. Ukuhlanganiswa okunganele kwesihlabathi / umgogodla: Ukuphehla kwengcindezi okunganele okunempilo, ukuqeda amandla okubumba, noma isikhathi esifushane somjovo wesihlabathi, noma isikhathi esifushane somjovo wesihlabathi, noma isikhathi esifushane somjovo wesihlabathi esiphansi sesihlabathi sokubumba kwesihlabathi / umnyombo, ukufakwa okulula, kanye nokufakwa okulula ngensimbi ebilisiwe.

b. Ukushisa okuyisidina okuphezulu kakhulu: Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo, izinga lokushisa elikhulisa liqongelela kakhulu (> 280 ℃), kubangela ukuqina kwalo kwasekhaya kwesihlabathi esihlanganisiwe ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwesihlabathi, okuthinta umfanekiso wesihlabathi.

c. Okungasetshenziswanga (noma okusetshenziswa ngokungafanele) Ukupholisa okuphelele Ikhwalithi ye-coating empofu Ukusoma okunganele

d. Ukususa Ukususa / Ukuphatha umonakalo

e. Idizayini engafanele yesikhundla se-sprue: I-Sprue ibheke ngqo odongeni lwe-cavity noma udonga oluncane, okwenza i-iron eshubile evuthayo ukuze iphoqelele phezulu ebusweni besihlabathi / umnyombo.

Isixazululo - Lungiselela inqubo yokwenza umjovo ongokwemvelo Hlanza njalo futhi ulondoloze isikhunta ukuqinisekisa ama-plugs abushelelezi. Lawula izinga lokushisa elibumba, futhi uma kunesidingo, engeza amadivaysi okushisa okudala akhulisa (njengeziteshi zokupholisa amanzi) noma anwebe umjikelezo wokukhiqiza. Ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwezimbozo eziphezulu ze-refractory kanye nesicelo esifanele.