Ukwelashwa kwensimbi ephezulu ngemuva kokwelashwa kanzima kwamanzi, ubulukhuni bokuqala buphansi, yini imbangela ye-magnetic?

Ama-castings ensimbi ephakeme ajwayele ukuba nobulukhuni bokuqala obuphansi kune-Brinell 180 ngemuva kokwelashwa kobunzima bamanzi, futhi kungahle kube khona ne-Magnet Phenomenon lapho ama-adsorbed nguMagnets. Ngakho-ke siyini isizathu salokhu? Lokhu kuba naliphi umthelela kwikhwalithi yokukhokhiswa? Singayixazulula kanjani le nkinga ekukhiqizeni.

Yisiphi isizathu sobulukhuni obuphansi bokuqala kanye nobude obubi bokuphonswa kwensimbi ephezulu ngemuva kokwelashwa kwamanzi okunzima? Ungathuthukisa kanjani? Ama-scal castings ensimbi ephakeme anobunzima obuphansi kanye nobude obubi ngemuva kokwelashwa okunamandla kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinqubo ezingafanele zokushisa zokushisa noma ukuphambuka kwe-composar. Izizathu ezithile zimi ngokulandelayo:

Izinkinga Zokuphathwa Kokwelashwa Kwezokushisa

1. Izinga lokushisa elinganele noma isikhathi esifushane sokubamba

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi okunamandla kwensimbi ephezulu ye-manganese (efana ne-ZGMN13) kudinga ukufudumeza kuya ku-1050-1100 ℃ ukuqeda ngokugcwele imikhondo ku-Ausen. Uma izinga lokushisa alwanele noma isikhathi sokubamba azanele, i-carbides ayichithwa ngokuphelele, okuzoholela ekuhlolweni okuphansi kwekhabhoni ku-matrix yase-Auusunquite, futhi ukuncipha kobulukhuni kungahle kube ngubunzima be-Ferrite encane, kukhiqize uMagnetism.

2. Ijubane elinganele lokupholisa

Ngemuva kokushisa, kudingeka ukupholisa kwamanzi okusheshayo (izinga lokushisa lamanzi ≤ 30 ℃). Uma izinga lokupholisa lihamba kancane (njengevolumu lamanzi anganele noma ubukhulu obukhulu), i-aucenite ingahle iqondise ama-carbides noma ukuguqula ibe yi-martiste noma i-ferrite, okuholela ekunciphiseni ubulukhuni kanye nezindawo ezibucayi.

Ukuphambukiswa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali

1. Okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni

Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi ephezulu yemanganese kuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-0.9% no-1.4%, futhi ikhabhoni yinto esemqoka ekugcineni ukuqina kwe-aucen. Uma okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuphansi (njenge <0.9%), ukuqina kwe-aucenite kuncipha, futhi uFerrite unqunyelwe kalula ngemuva kokuphathwa kwamanzi, okuholela ekubukeni okunganele.

2. Okuqukethwe okwenzelwe i-manganese noma ithonya kusuka kwezinye izinto

Okuqukethwe kweMaNansese kufanele kube ≥ 11% (njengeZGMN13 equkethe i-11% ~ 14% manganese). Uma okuqukethwe kweManganese kuphansi kakhulu, ukuqina kwe-aucenite kwehla futhi kwakhiqizwa kalula; Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe ngokweqile se-silicon (> 0.8%) kungathuthukisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-carbide futhi kuthinte ukuqina kwezicubu.

Isici

1. I-Carbides Eneresial

Uma izinga lokupholisa lokuphola lihamba kancane futhi ama-carbides aphambili anamaqabunga angakwehliswa ngokuphelele ekwelashweni kwe-matrix, kanti ama-aucenite azokwehlisa ubulukhuni be-matrix, futhi i-auesinite ezungeze ama-carbides angaguqula abe yi-ferrite ngenxa yokwakheka okungalingani, okubangelwa uMagnetism.

2. I-Coarse Aueuntoite okusanhlamvu

Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu kwamazinga okushisa noma ukubamba isikhathi eside kungaholela ekulweni okusanhlamvu kwe-aucenite, imvula elula ye-carbides noma ukwakheka kwe-ferrite emingceleni yokusanhlamvu, okuthinta ubulukhuni kanye nobunzima.

Ezinye izinto

Ubukhulu obungalingani bodonga lokukhokhiswa: isilinganiso sokupholisa kancane ezindaweni eziwugqinsi, ezingakha kalula izakhiwo ezingezona ze-auntenitic;

Ukukhishwa Kwekhwalithi Yamanzi: Ikhwalithi Yamanzi Empofu (njengokungcola kanye nokushisa kwamanzi okuphezulu) ngesikhathi sokuphola kwamanzi kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa futhi kuholela ekuguqulweni kwezicubu ezinganele.

Izixazululo

1. Lungiselela inqubo yokwelashwa okushisa

2. Lawula ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali: lungisa i-carbon (0.9% ~ 1.4%) kanye ne-manganese (11% ~ 14%) okuqukethwe ngokuya ngamazinga, nge-silicon ≤ 0.8%;

I-3. Ukwelapha Amanzi Amanzi: Yenza ukwelashwa kwamanzi wesibili okuhambisana nokudonswa kwamanzi okungagunyaziwe ukususa ama-carbides asele;

4. Ukuthuthuka kwenqubo yokuphonsa: Lawula izinga lokushisa lokuthulula kanye nezinga lokupholisa ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-carbides eyinhloko.

Uma inkinga iqhubeka, kunconywa ukuvivinya ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwakheka kwe-metallographic, bese ulungisa inqubo ngokufanele.

Yimiphi imiphumela kazibuthe ekhwalithi ephezulu yensimbi ephakeme enobulukhuni obuphansi bokuqala ngemuva kokwelashwa okunzima kwamanzi? Ama-porning wensimbi ensimbi anobunzima obuphansi (

Ukwehla okukhulu kwezakhiwo zemishini

1. Kunciphise kakhulu ukumelana kokugqoka

Ukumelana nokugqokwa kwensimbi ephezulu yemanganese kuya ngesimo sesakhiwo se-aucenite esiguqula abe ngumfemuni ngaphansi komthwalo womthelela. Uma kunenani elikhulu le-Ferrite noma i-carbides esele enhlanganweni, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-Auucen akwanele, ukuguqulwa kweMartensitic akunakudonswa ngempumelelo ngaphansi komthelela, futhi isilinganiso sokugqoka siyokwenyuswa kakhulu (ngokwesibonelo, lapho kusetshenziselwa i-crusher liners, impilo yenkonzo ingafushaniswa ngaphezulu kwama-50%).

2. Insufficient strength and toughness

Ukuba khona kweFerrite ne-Carbides kungaphazamisa i-matrix ye-Auucenite, okuholela ekwehleni kwamandla ezintekenteke (i-≥ 14j / cm

Ukuwohloka kokumelana nokuqina kokugqwala kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation

Amandla e-electrode we-Ferrite aphansi kunalokho kwe-aucen, futhi kuthambekele ekutheni akha amaseli amancane kwimithombo ye-corrossemive, asheshise ukugcwala kwe-electrochemical (njengokugqwala noma ukugqwala ebusweni lapho kusetshenziswa ama-slurries acidic);

Ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-carbides esele kanye ne-matrix kuthambekele ekubeni yindawo yokuqala ye-oxidation, futhi amandla e-antioxidant ancipha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (anjenge> 300 ℃), okuholela ekwakhekeni kwesendlalelo se-oxide evulekile ebusweni.

Izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa

1. Izinkinga zomhlangano ezibangelwa uMagnetism

Ama-magnetic castings kungenzeka ukungcola kwe-adsorb okufana nokuhlunga kwensimbi, okungathinta ukunemba kokusebenza noma ukubangela ukubhebhana emhlanganweni osebenza ngokunemba (okufana nesigubhu semishini yokusebenza kwamaminerali), futhi kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwemishini.

2. Ingozi yehluleka ngaphansi kwemithwalo enamandla

Uma izakhi ezisetshenziselwa ukumelana nomthelela, njengezitimela zokugcina izitimela, zinenhlangano engalingani, kungaholela ekuhluthelweni kwengcindezi, okungadala ukuqina kokuqhekeka ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwesikhashana.

4. Izindleko ezandisiwe zokucutshungulwa okulandelayo kanye nokunakekelwa

Izinkondlo ezinobunzima obunganele azikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngqo futhi zidinga ukwelashwa kwamanzi, okukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezindleko zabasebenzi zokwelashwa okushisa;

Uma izinkinga zenhlangano zinzima (njengenani elikhulu le-carbides yama-coarse), ukwelashwa kwesibili kungenzeka kungakwazi ukuzilungisa ngokuphelele futhi kungavela kuphela, okuholela ekungcoleni okubonakalayo.

beka kafushane

Ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwesilinganiso sensimbi ephakeme ehlelweni lwayo "olulodwa lwe-aucenite". Ubulukhuni obuphansi kanye nobude obukhali bukhonjiswa ngokuqondile kokungahambi kahle kwemvelo, okuzokwenza buthaka inani lokukhokhwa ngokwemikhawulo ngokwezimpawu zokugqoka, izakhiwo zemishini, ukuphepha nezinye izici. Lawula ngokuqinile inqubo yokwelashwa okushisa kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa ukugwema izinkinga ezinjalo.